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Commonly Used Abbreviations
byStephenonJanuary 6, 2013
This page contains commonly used abbreviations and their meanings in research. At the bottom of the page, you will also find guide to days, months, and US states abbreviations.
Abbreviations
Meaning
a.m.
ante meridiem (before noon)
p.m.
post meridiem (after noon)
anon.
anonymous
app.
appendix
art., arts.
article, articles
assn.
association
assoc.
associate, associated
AD, A.D.
anno Domini
BC, B.C.
before Christ
bibliog.
bibliography, bibliographer, bibliographical
ch., chs.
chapter, chapters
col., cols.
column, columns
cond.
conducted by, conductor
Cong.
Congress
dir., dirs.
directed by, director, directors
E., Eng.
English
ed., eds.
edited by, editor, editors, editions
e.g.
exempli gratia (for example)
enl.
enlarged
esp.
especially
et al.
et alii (and others)
etc.
et cetera (and so forth)
ex., exs.
example, examples
fig., figs.
figure, figures
hist.
history, historian, historical
i.e.
id est (that is)
illus.
illustrated, illustrator, illustration(s)
intro., introd.
introduced by, introduction
ips
inches per second
jour.
journal
L., Lat.
Latin
lang., langs.
language, languages
LC, L. C.
Library of Congress (leave a space if periods are used)
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